তুমেবাম্বা: ইনকা সাম্রাজ্যের উত্তরের রাজধানী
Tumebamba, also known as Tomebamba or Tumipampa in Kichwa, meaning “Knife Field,” was a principal regional city within the ইনকা সাম্রাজ্য. Emperor Huayna Capac, who reigned from 1493 to 1525 AD, selected Tumebamba as the empire’s northern capital. This strategic decision underscored the city’s importance within the Inca civilization. However, Tumebamba’s prominence was short-lived as it was largely destroyed during the civil war between Huáscar and Atahualpa, just before the Spanish conquistadors’ arrival in 1532. The modern city of Cuenca, ইকোয়াডর, এখন দাঁড়িয়ে আছে যা একসময় তুমেবাম্বা ছিল, ইনকা শহরের কিছু অংশ পুমাপুঙ্কু এবং টোডোস সান্তোসের প্রত্নতাত্ত্বিক স্থানে সংরক্ষিত আছে।
ইমেলের মাধ্যমে আপনার ইতিহাসের ডোজ পান
প্রাক-ইনকা ইতিহাস এবং বিজয়
পূর্বে Inca conquest, the area known as Tumebamba was called Guapondelig and was inhabited by the Cañari people for at least 500 years. ইনকা Empire, under the leadership of Topa Inca Yupanqui (ruled 1471–1493 AD), incorporated this region following prolonged and challenging campaigns against the Cañari. Huayna Capac, Topa Inca Yupanqui’s son and successor, was likely born in Tumebamba. He was instrumental in the city’s development, envisioning it as a northern counterpart to Cuzco, the empire’s capital. A royal palace in Tumebamba served as a testament to its significance within the empire.
আর্কিটেকচারাল ফিটস এবং স্টোন ট্রান্সপোর্ট
Remarkable for its time, the construction of Tumebamba involved transporting building stones from Cuzco, located over 1,600 kilometers (990 miles) away. This feat was confirmed by archaeologists in 2004, who identified stone blocks originating from a আকর near Cuzco. The transportation of these stones, weighing up to 700 kilograms (1,500 pounds) each, across the rugged আন্দিজ without draft animals or wheeled vehicles, showcased the Inca’s control over labor and their dedication to establishing Tumebamba as a secondary capital. The stones’ movement from Cuzco to Tumebamba symbolized the transfer of sanctity and power to the new city.
ধ্বংস এবং পরের ঘটনা
The death of Huayna Capac around 1525 AD, likely due to a European-introduced disease, led to a succession dispute between his sons, Huascar and Atahualpa. The ensuing civil war devastated Tumebamba, with significant battles occurring near the city. The Cañari, having sided with Huascar, faced severe repercussions under Atahualpa’s rule.
প্রত্নতাত্ত্বিক অবশেষ
Despite its destruction, remnants of Tumebamba’s past glory are still visible today. The ruins of Todos Santos and Pumapunku, located near the Tomebamba River, offer insights into the city’s structure. However, the absence of finely-worked stone, characteristic of Cuzco, suggests these sites were of secondary importance. Excavations at Pumapunku have uncovered spinning tools, indicating it may have been a residence for aclla, the sequestered women of the ইনকারা. বৈশিষ্ট্য যেমন একটি বড় কৃত্রিম জল পুল, সোপান, এবং খালগুলি কুজকোর কাছে হুয়ানা ক্যাপাকের একটি রাজকীয় সম্পত্তি কুইসপিগুয়াঙ্কার সমান্তরাল আঁকছে।
Adjacent to the Todos Santos ruins is the Manuel Agustín Landivar Museum, and the Pumapongo Museum and Archaeological Park is located at the Pumapunku ruins. Both museums offer exhibits on the Indigenous peoples of the আমেরিকা, including the Cañari, Inca, and early স্প্যানিশ settlers, preserving the rich history of Tumebamba and its significance within the Inca Empire.
সোর্স:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumebamba
নিউরাল পাথওয়েজ হল পাকা বিশেষজ্ঞ এবং গবেষকদের একটি সমষ্টি যা প্রাচীন ইতিহাস এবং নিদর্শনগুলির রহস্য উন্মোচনের জন্য গভীর আবেগের সাথে। কয়েক দশক ধরে সম্মিলিত অভিজ্ঞতার সম্পদের সাথে, নিউরাল পাথওয়েস নিজেকে প্রত্নতাত্ত্বিক অনুসন্ধান এবং ব্যাখ্যার ক্ষেত্রে একটি নেতৃস্থানীয় কণ্ঠস্বর হিসাবে প্রতিষ্ঠিত করেছে।